Cause
A child's visual channel is not fully developed at birth. The visual system and brain need to be stimulated with a clear, focused, aligned properly, piling images from both eyes in order to develop properly. These developments occurred largely occurred in the first 3 years of age but not perfect until the age of 8 years. If the brain does not get a proper visual stimuli from the eye during the period of development, the brain learns to ignore (hold) the image of the eye, causing loss of vision. If you live long enough detention, loss of vision can be permanent. There are several reasons for the lack of proper visual stimulation, each of which can cause a type of amblyopia.
Refractive amblyopia: amblyopia that can be caused by uncorrected refractive error or refractive imbalance, usually farsightedness or astigmatism, especially if there is a big difference between the eyes.
Amblyopia Strabismic: inequalities eyes (strabismus) can also cause amblyopia. The eyes produce two views of each eye which is usually combined or united into a single view of the brain and then integrated to produce three-dimensional view and high levels of depth perception. The ability to grow in the early unification of view childhood. If the two views are not parallel so that they can not be combined together, the brain hold the view, ignoring the input from that eye. The brain is not aware of the appearance of the eye that is affected even though the eyes might be structurally normal. In adults, because the visual channel has developed, to understand the two different views produce double vision (diplopia) rather than loss of vision.
AmblyopiDeprivasi: A third type of amblyopia developing during or cloudy eye lens opacity (cataract) or cornea to reduce or alter the light entering the eye.
Symptoms
Children with amblyopia may be too young to explain the symptoms. These children may squint, close one eye with hand, or has one eye that does not look the same direction with the other eye, it may indicate problems that require examination. Children, though, often seem not to have problems. If one eye sees well and others not, children do not compensate well and see the different functions of their peers.
Diagnosis
By doing so, to find out problems in the development of visual, vision screening in children should begin as early as possible during the examination ana and continued during childhood. In some areas, preschool children are screened by local and regional volunteers. Every time a child reaches school age, screening is done in schools by health practitioners. If problems are found during screening, the child should go to the eye doctor, either an ophthalmologist or an ophthalmologist.
Treatment
Treating amblyopia involves forcing the brain to use visual display of eye problems. Sometimes this is solved with a simple way to correct the refractive error with spectacles. More often, doctors "helping" normal eyes ", strengthen the eye by placing an additional lens behind it or use eye drops to blur vision, the good eye. If strabismus is the cause, should be repaired after the vision has been equalized between the eyes. Cataract or other opacity in the eye may require surgical treatment.
Treatment should be started on time, preferably at the age of 2 to 4 years. Be expedited treatment, will give a faster response as well. Amblyopia due to any cause that is not treated before the age of 8 are completely beyond repair. Effective amblyopia treatment failure can cause permanent blindness in the affected eye.
Prevention
The sooner amblyopia or amblyopia risk factors are known, are more likely to amblyopia can be prevented or repaired. Therefore, the child's vision screening program should be supported by society.
